Right now, a number that is uncomfortable keeps coming up in discussions among climate scientists. It is six degrees Celsius. Some subsurface water temperatures in the Pacific have already risen that much above average in some locations; the UN’s World Meteorological Organization noted this fact with considerable caution, calling it “unusually warm.” The language used by meteorologists is typically measured. When they begin to use terms like “unusual,” it’s important to pay attention. This week, NOAA formally declared El Niño conditions to be in place, confirming what the models have been indicating for months. Given that forecasting usually becomes unreliable…
Author: Derrick Lester
Derrick Lester
Derrick Lester is a professor and editor at indeep-project.org. His academic career has been molded by a single, enduring obsession: the sea and all life in it. Drawing from marine biology, oceanography, and the kind of hard-won field knowledge that only comes from spending significant time on and under the water, Derrick's writing has the depth of a scholar thanks to his years of research and teaching experience. His writing delves into the science of marine life with the inquisitiveness of someone who has never fully moved past the wonder of what exists beneath the surface. Derrick hopes to introduce readers to a world that encompasses over 70% of the planet and is, in many respects, still largely unexplored through his contributions to indeep-project.org.
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Somewhere in the gray-green chop of Monterey Bay, ten miles off the coast of California, a solar-powered robot is performing tasks that previously required a crew, a vessel, a mooring chain, and a maintenance schedule. It has been out there for nineteen weeks. Data collection is still ongoing. No one has had to go save it. The deployment of the DataXplorer uncrewed surface vehicle at NOAA’s Station 46012, a monitoring site within Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary that has long relied on fixed-buoy infrastructure to deliver the kind of meteorological and oceanographic readings that forecasters, researchers, and maritime operators rely…
The notion that sitting miles offshore, bobbing on platforms anchored to the seabed by chains borrowed from oil and gas engineers, could be the answer to Europe’s energy crisis seems almost paradoxical. However, an increasing number of businesses are essentially placing their bets on that. The idea of floating offshore wind is no longer novel, and the commercial trials currently taking place in deep Atlantic and North Sea waters may prove to be far more significant than most people think. The fundamental engineering reasoning is fairly simple. Only in locations where the seabed is sufficiently near the surface can fixed-foundation…
An anniversary that no one wants to commemorate brings with it a certain kind of dread. A dead humpback whale was discovered off the coast of Virginia Beach in January 2016. At the time, it appeared to be a tragedy—one-of-a-kind, terrible, the kind of thing that makes local news and then fades. That one death has company ten years later. lots of company. Since the first carcass was discovered, 264 humpback whale deaths have been reported along the Atlantic coast from Maine to Florida, according to the most recent NOAA statistics. The incident that NOAA officially classified as an Unusual…
A certain type of organizational confidence doesn’t make a big deal out of it. It manifests itself in boardroom choices that initially appear to be poorly timed, such as entering a market just as the market’s headlines start to look bleak. That quality is present in DHL’s entry into deep-sea chartering. Calm and thoughtful. Just a little bit against the grain. Context is important. To put it mildly, global sea routes are not doing well. For months, disruptions in the Gulf have been altering freight flows between Asia and Europe. In May, DHL warned that blocked sea lanes and closed…
The current state of deep-sea science is profoundly peculiar. At nearly the same time, mining companies are requesting permits to remove those same habitats from the ocean floor, while researchers are cataloguing species that have never been documented before—creatures that have evolved over millions of years to live in complete darkness, crushing pressure, and nearly freezing water. The Trump administration has made it clear that it wants to act quickly. The federal organization in charge of studying the ocean, NOAA, has stated more and more that these ecosystems are unique to Earth and that there is a genuine and irreversible…
There was little drama surrounding Tropical Storm Cristina’s announcement. On a Monday in early June 2026, it just appeared silently and without fanfare in the warm waters of the Eastern Pacific off the coast of Nicaragua. Maximum sustained winds of 45 miles per hour, centered about 105 miles west-northwest of Managua, were first reported by the National Hurricane Center in Miami. Nearly instantly, a tropical storm warning was issued, extending from Puerto Sandino to the border between Guatemala and El Salvador. Meteorologists are kept up at night by the combination of rapid formation and proximity to populated coastline. Even though…
One of Australia’s most talked-about and least financially viable gas developments is located in the deep blue silence of the Browse Basin, nearly 300 kilometers off the coast of Kimberley. The depth of the water is high. The reserves are genuine. Additionally, an increasing number of energy analysts believe that the economics are somewhere between challenging and detrimental. Woodside Energy’s suggested The AUD37 billion Browse gas project, which calls for a drilling platform, two floating production facilities, about fifty gas wells, and a 900-kilometer pipeline back to Karratha, has been lurking on Australia’s energy agenda for decades without ever quite…
A startup named Carboniferous is getting ready to dump 20 burlap sacks of sugarcane residue into one of the world’s most oxygen-starved areas of the Gulf of Mexico, about 300 kilometers off the coast of Louisiana. For a plan with significant planetary aspirations, it sounds almost comically modest. However, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency discreetly granted a research permit for precisely this experiment in March. Despite its modest scope, this decision represents something truly uncommon: federal approval for ocean biomass sinking, a carbon removal method that has been on the periphery of climate science for years without much institutional support.…
A pleasant winter has a subtle unnerving quality. Somewhere in Minnesota, a state that takes pride in its harsh cold, people were actually enjoying February, while people in the Midwest were going outside without heavy coats in January and homeowners were forgoing bags of road salt. It seemed fortunate. It wasn’t. The meteorological winter of December 2023 through February 2024 was the warmest winter ever recorded for the contiguous United States in 130 years of climate data, according to NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information, confirming what the thermometers had been suggesting all season. During that three-month period, the average…